Summary :

G401 JLPT N4 Grammar - ___ ないで : ( <= Click for more information.)

The grammar pattern "ないで" is used to convey the idea of "without doing" and is applied to verbs, nouns, and adjectives. It expresses the continuation of the next action or state without the specified action or state occurring.

Example :

彼女 は 僕の方 を 見ないで 行きました。

She went without looking at me.

G402 JLPT N4 Grammar - ～ なかなか ___ ない : ( <= Click for more information.)

This structure consists of the adverb "なかなか" (quite or rather) paired with a verb in the negative form. It expresses difficulty or the lack of something happening easily.

Example :

バックアップ　が なかなか　終わらない。

Backup is taking a long time to finish.

G403 JLPT N4 Grammar - ___ し、___ : ( <= Click for more information.)

The pattern "… し、…" is a conjunction used to connect two or more reasons, actions, or events in a single sentence. It is often employed to express multiple aspects or reasons related to a situation.

Example :

彼　は　背が　高い　し、　わかい　です。

He is tall and young.

G404 JLPT N4 Grammar - ___ なさい ! : ( <= Click for more information.)

"なさい" is a polite imperative form used to give commands or instructions in a courteous manner. It is commonly used in situations where politeness is required.

Example :

よく　勉強　しなさい！

Please study well!

G405 JLPT N4 Grammar - ___なくてもいい : ( <= Click for more information.)

This structure, formed by combining the negative form of verbs, い-adjectives, or な-adjectives with "くてもいい," conveys permissiveness or the lack of necessity. It implies that the specified action or condition is optional.

Example :

あなたは　そんなに　心配しなくても　いいです。

You do not have to worry so much.

Revision:

1. あなたは テスト中に 携帯電話を ______ ください。

a. 食べる

b. 使ってないで

c. 使わないで

d. 読んで

2. この ゲームは ______ レベルアップするの が 難しいです。

a. なさい

b. なくてもいい

c. なかなか

d. それで

3. 私は 映画を 見る______、友達と 買い物に 行きました。

a. なくてもいい

b. し、

c. なさい

d. なかなか

4. 子供たち、 早く 寝______ ！

a. なさい

b. なかなか

c. ないで

d. して

5. この本は 読ま______ です。

a. し、

b. なかなか

c. なさい

d. なくてもいい

Answers:

1. c. 使わないで
2. c. なかなか
3. b. し、
4. c. なさい
5. d. なくてもいい

Explanations:

1. あなたは テスト中に 携帯電話を ______ ください。

a. 食べる

b. 使ってないで

c. 使わないで

d. 読んで

The question is asking you to fill in the blank with the appropriate phrase to convey the instruction "Do not use your mobile phone during the test." Let's break down each option:

a. 食べる (taberu) - This means "to eat." This option doesn't make sense in the context of the sentence.

b. 使ってないで (tsukattenai de) - This is a form of the verb "to use" (使う - tsukau) in its negative te-form, followed by ないで (naide), which means "without doing." So, it roughly translates to "without using." However, it's not the appropriate expression for the sentence.

c. 使わないで (tsukawanaide) - This is the negative te-form of the verb "to use" (使う - tsukau), followed by ないで (naide), which means "without doing." So, it translates to "without using," and it's the correct expression for the sentence.

d. 読んで (yonde) - This means "to read." This option doesn't make sense in the context of the sentence.

So, the correct answer is:

c. 使わないで (tsukawanaide)

2. この ゲームは ______ レベルアップするの が 難しいです。

a. なさい

b. なくてもいい

c. なかなか

d. それで

This question is asking you to choose the correct phrase to complete the sentence "This game is ________ to level up."

Let's evaluate each option:

a. なさい (nasai) - This is the imperative form of the verb "to do" (する - suru). It's used to give commands or instructions. However, it doesn't fit the context of the sentence.

b. なくてもいい (nakutemo ii) - This phrase means "it's okay not to do." It implies that something is not necessary. In the context of the sentence, it doesn't make sense to say "This game is okay not to level up." Therefore, this option is incorrect.

c. なかなか (nakanaka) - This adverb means "quite" or "fairly" and is often used to express that something is quite difficult or challenging. So, "このゲームはなかなかレベルアップするのが難しいです" translates to "It's quite difficult to level up in this game," which fits the context. Therefore, this option seems correct.

d. それで (sorede) - This phrase means "because of that" or "therefore." It doesn't make sense to use it in the context of the sentence.

So, the correct answer is:

c. なかなか (nakanaka)

3. 私は 映画を 見る______、友達と 買い物に 行きました。

a. なくてもいい

b. し、

c. なさい

d. なかなか

This question requires you to select the appropriate phrase to complete the sentence "I watched a movie, ______, I went shopping with my friend."

Let's analyze each option:

a. なくてもいい (nakutemo ii) - This phrase means "it's okay not to do." It implies that something is not necessary. However, it doesn't make sense to say "I watched a movie, it's okay not to do, I went shopping with my friend." This option is not suitable for the sentence.

b. し (shi) - This is a conjunctive particle used to connect sentences or phrases, indicating sequential actions. It's used to indicate that the action stated before it is performed along with the action in the subsequent clause. Therefore, "私は映画を見るし" means "I watched a movie, and," which fits the context of the sentence. This option seems correct.

c. なさい (nasai) - This is the imperative form of the verb "to do" (する - suru). It's used to give commands or instructions. However, it doesn't fit the context of the sentence.

d. なかなか (nakanaka) - This adverb means "quite" or "fairly" and is often used to express that something is quite difficult or challenging. It doesn't fit the context of the sentence.

So, the correct answer is:

b. し (shi)

4. 子供たち、 早く 寝______ ！

a. なさい

b. なかなか

c. ないで

d. して

This question asks you to choose the correct phrase to complete the sentence "Children, go to bed ______!"

Let's evaluate each option:

a. なさい (nasai) - This is the imperative form of the verb "to do" (する - suru). It's used to give commands or instructions. In this context, it's appropriate for commanding someone to do something, such as "寝なさい" (nenasai), meaning "Go to bed!" Therefore, this option seems correct.

b. なかなか (nakanaka) - This adverb means "quite" or "fairly," and it doesn't fit the context of giving a command to go to bed.

c. ないで (naide) - This is the negative te-form of the verb "to do" (する - suru), followed by で (de), which indicates the form of doing something. However, it doesn't make sense in this context.

d. して (shite) - This is the te-form of the verb "to do" (する - suru), and it doesn't make sense to use it here.

So, the correct answer is:

a. なさい (nasai)

5. この本は 読ま______ です。

a. し、

b. なかなか

c. なさい

d. なくてもいい

This question asks you to choose the correct phrase to complete the sentence "This book is ______."

Let's analyze each option:

a. し (shi) - This is a conjunctive particle used to connect sentences or phrases, indicating sequential actions. However, it doesn't fit the context of the sentence.

b. なかなか (nakanaka) - This adverb means "quite" or "fairly," and it doesn't make sense to use it here.

c. なさい (nasai) - This is the imperative form of the verb "to do" (読む - yomu). It's used to give commands or instructions. However, it doesn't fit the context of the sentence.

d. なくてもいい (nakutemo ii) - This phrase means "it's okay not to do." It implies that something is not necessary. So, "この本は読まなくてもいいです" translates to "It's okay not to read this book." Therefore, this option fits the context of the sentence.

So, the correct answer is:

d. なくてもいい

Lesson Summary

The following are summarized JLPT N4 grammar points:

• G401 JLPT N4 Grammar - ないで: Used to express doing something without doing something else.
• G402 JLPT N4 Grammar - ～ なかなか ___ ない: Structure with "なかなか" and a verb in the negative form to indicate difficulty.
• G403 JLPT N4 Grammar - ___ し、 ___: Connects multiple reasons or actions in a single sentence.
• G404 JLPT N4 Grammar - ___ なさい !: Polite imperative form to give commands politely.
• G405 JLPT N4 Grammar - ___なくてもいい: Expresses permissiveness or the lack of necessity.